polysulfone (psf) ultrafiltration (uf) membranes  (Vontron Technology Co Ltd)

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Efficient recovery and recycling/upcycling of precious metals using hydrazide-functionalized star-shaped polymers

doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48090-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Schematic of the synthesis process of S-PAcH via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and amination. b Photograph of a S-PAcH(L) aqueous solution (Inset: TEM image of S-PAcH(L)). c Zeta potentials of commercial amine (bPEI and PAAm) and PAcH-series polymers as a function of solution pH. d Photographs of three PM (Au, Pd, and Pt, 200 mg L –1 ) aqueous solutions (pH = 2) before (top) and after (bottom) the addition of S-PAcH(L) (0.2 g L –1 ). The magnified photograph shows the Au/S-PAcH(L) precipitates collected by filtration with a polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane. e Hydrodynamic diameter ( H R ) of the polymers after their addition (0.2 g L –1 ) to a Au (200 mg L –1 ) aqueous solution (pH = 2) as a function of contact time. f H R of the Au/PAcH precipitates as a function of rotation speed. The precipitates were formed by allowing contact between the PAcH-series polymers (0.2 g L –1 ) and the Au (200 mg L –1 ) aqueous solution (pH = 2) for 24 h. Error bars in ( b , e , f ) represent standard deviations determined from three replicates.

Article Snippet: Polysulfone (PSF) ultrafiltration membranes (M-M2540PS20, molecular weight cut-off = 20 kg mol –1 ) and cellulose filter paper (JIS P 3801, pore size = 1 μm) were obtained from Applied Membranes Inc. (USA) and Advantec (Japan), respectively.

Techniques: Filtration, Membrane